Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass and the microdeterioration of bony tissue. In this book, Chapter One reviews the role and function of HDACs of different classes in different kinds of bone cells including osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Chapter Two evaluates the current state of research on mastocytosis-induced osteoporosis, and offers an overview of state of the art therapeutic measures. Chapter Three examines osteoporosis and the stomatognathic system. Chapter Four summarizes and critically appraises today’s knowledge on osteoporosis from a dental perspective, and suggests directions for future research. Chapter Five discusses dental treatment of a patient with osteoporosis. Chapter Six reviews the treatment of osteoporotic fractures.