This book includes nine chapters that describe recent advances in health and disease. Chapter One discusses controversies regarding the use of intraoperative cell salvage during surgery involving bacterial contamination or malignancy. Chapter Two presents an overview of clinical applications of all-trans retinoic acid. Chapter Three explores the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors in COVID-19 infection. Chapter Four describes potentially beneficial sports supplements for endurance athletes. Chapter Five studies the influence of low-impact aerobic physical activity on Berger's disease. Chapter Six evaluates the effects and toxicity features of paclitaxel nanoformulations. Chapter Seven examines a potential link between methamphetamine abuse and glycogen synthase kinase-3. Chapter Eight investigates the health-promoting potential of tryptophan-derived betalin. Finally, Chapter Nine deals with the role of glucagon in exploring the corticotrop pituitary reserve.