The chronological, thematic and methodological differentiation of historiography, which has also been observed in Silesia since the Late Enlightenment, is the focus of the regional studies gathered here. From changing perspectives, experts from various disciplines from Germany and Poland examine the historiographical production on the history of the Oderland, which was not only created in the university environment of Wroclaw, but was also developed at other cultural and educational institutions in the country. It becomes clear how closely scientific issues and political constellations were interlinked in the long 19th century. The Austro-Prussian antagonism, but also the country's proximity to the Slavic linguistic and cultural area, reinforced the emergence of competing historical images, especially in Silesia.