The "war neurosis" became one of the metaphors of the First World War. A fundamental debate broke out in the Weimar Republic about the compensation for mental disorders. Stephanie Neuner focuses on this conflict-ridden discourse in which political interests, medical interpretation patterns, legal models of thought and personal perceptions collide. She describes the disputes about the recognition of war-related mental disorders as illness and the resulting pension entitlement. The subjective experiences and personal résumés of those affected show how long the mental health impaired the everyday life and personal self-image of the war victims.