This volume gathers thirteen contributions from different scientific disciplines that are dedicated to questions of power, domination and gender in pre-modern times. For instance, it examines marital relationships of rulers, questions the function and stability of ruling systems and investigates patriarchy as an enduring ruling system as such. Thus, the volume offers individual case studies as well as theoretical reflections on the exercise of power and structures of domination, and then also takes a critical look on research approaches. It presents a highly complex, diverse and sometimes contradictory picture of power and domination. In conclusion, it offers (with reference to volume 11 of the publication series Macht und Herrschaft) critical reflections, outlines joining ideas and, thus, gives valuable suggestions for future investigations of power, domination and gender in a transcultural perspective.