Contents on cultural history of medicine convey in schools and in other places the meaning of historic research and reflect today’s health questions. This volume analyses the social modernisation in the transition between the 18th and 19th century the history of the so-called medicalisation based on a broad range of sources. Which different roles did men and women have within the whole transition process of the traditional healing practice and the modern medical development? Case studies show that female healing practices were not only recognised and common with regard to self-medication and domestic treatment of illnesses but also across the villages and beyond. The results of these studies will be made fertile for history education and the argumentation will be supported by pictures and written sources.