Johann Arndt (1555–1621) achieved an extraordinarily wide impact with his piety literature. The concern to guide his readers to a spiritual renewal is the leitmotif of his writings. Arndt's teaching about following Christ is central to this. The investigation of the imitatio Christi concept reveals the dazzling profile of the theologian, who endeavors to bring together some disparate traditions in one design. In addition to Lutheran theology, Paracelsus and the school linked to him, Valentin Weigel, as well as medieval mystical sources are discussed. This study analyzes the variants of the editions of the book ›Von Wahrem Christianentum‹ printed between 1605 and 1610 in a comparative manner. Arndt's passion sermons and other selected texts are included in the investigation. Comparisons with the writings of Johann Gerhard and Valentin Weigel show striking points in Arndt's theological profile.