Even today witchcraft is found in many socities, and ancient Mesopotamia was no exception. To the ancient Assyrians and Babylonians witchcraft was the cause of otherwise inexplicable diseases and misfortunes, and elaborate means of protection against and cure from the consequences of witchcraft were developed. This study examines Mesopotamian anti-witchcraft literature, focusing on the extant descriptions of witches and sorceresses, their methods, the symptoms of the bewitched and the rituals and remedies used to combat witchcraft.