This book contains eight selected chapters discussing the psychology of self-regulation. Chapter One reviews the lessons learned from a literature review on the role of canine-assisted interventions in the promotion of self-regulation. Chapter Two asks how the concept of self-regulation has been implemented in research on children and adolescent’s eating behavior. Chapter Three examines the impacts of a school-based mentoring support program on self-regulation in students who are experiencing school failure. Chapter Four examines the role of self-regulation and the perspective of agency in the management of Celiac disease. Chapter Five reviews the “hope avenue” for the school success of students with Roma background. Chapter Six discusses the role of parents in children’s self-regulation development by reviewing at-distance and online intervention programs. Chapter Seven provides a guide to enhancing students’ self-regulation. Chapter Eight examines the internal and external typologies of regulation in education and health contexts, focusing on regulation, de-regulation, and dys-regulation behaviors.