Water is one of the most valuable resources on this Earth. Without it, people could not survive. However, we all too often use it like some unlimited resource that will never end. Emerging pressure on water resources – from population and economic growth, climate change, pollution, and other challenges – has major effects on our social, economic, and environmental safety. Many of our utmost significant aquifers are being over-pumped, affecting pervasive declines in groundwater levels. Sustainable Water Technologies addresses water resources management, sustainability of water resources, ground and surface water quality and quantity, water use and reuse, surface and ground water interaction, aquifer recharge, storage and more. Furthermore, emphasises emerging nanotechnology, biotechnology, and information technology applications as well as sustainable processes and products to protect the environment and human health, save water and energy, and minimise material use. This book intends to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on development of advanced technologies; a critical component in overcoming the looming water crisis. It lays emphasis on emerging technologies and strategies that facilitate water sustainability for future generations. The scope of sustainable management of water resources concerns the responsibility of water managers and users to ensure that water resources are allocated efficiently and equitably and used to achieve socially, environmentally and economically beneficial outcomes. Future policies to address the sustainable management of water resources will be greatly influenced by climate change and climate variability, including seasonality problems, such as changes in the timing of annual rainfall patterns or periods of snow pack melt. Recognition of the complexity and diversity of water resource management is important from a policy perspective, as it means there is no one-size-fits-all policy solution to improving water resource management. Policies addressing water resource management need to be tailored and targeted to situations specific to countries and regions within countries. This reflects the great variety across different water basins from the local to international levels in terms of the: heterogeneity of water sources; linkages between water resource and water pollution issues; allocation of water between consumptive uses, such as agriculture, domestic, industrial, power generation, and to meet environmental needs; and the management of the complex institutional and property right arrangements associated with water. New technologies are promising to transform wastewater into a resource for energy generation and a source of drinking water.