Particle swarm optimisation (PSO) is one of the recently developed swarm intelligent optimisation technologies that offer the advantages of simplicity and fast biological convergence. The technique originated from the theory of artificial life and evolution, which is based on the optimisation that is achieved as a result of swarm behaviour. PSO can be easily implemented due to fewer parameters for adjustment hence it has been applied broadly in various engineering fields. This book reviews advances in research and applications of PSO.