Extradition is the formal surrender of a person by a State to another State for prosecution or punishment. Extradition to or from the United States is a creature of treaty. The United States has extradition treaties with over a hundred nations, although there are many countries with which it has no extradition treaty. International terrorism and drug trafficking have made extradition an increasingly important law enforcement tool. This book explores the processes of extradition and rendition and the recent treaties used to accommodate American law enforcement interests and the relevant international and domestic law restricting the transfer of persons to foreign states for the purpose of torture.